А) 2CH4 = HC≡CH+3H2
2HC≡CH = HC≡C-CH=CH2
HC≡C-CH=CH2+HCl = CH2=C(Cl)-CH=CH2
<span>nCH2=C(Cl)-CH=CH2 = (-CH2-C(Cl)=CH-CH2-)n
</span>б) 2C+H2 = <span>HC≡CH
</span><span>HC≡CH+H2 = CH2=CH2
</span><span>3CH2=CH2+2KMnO4+4H2O = 3HO-CH2-CH2-OH+2KOH+2MnO2
5HO-CH2-CH2-OH+8KMnO4+12H2SO4 = 5HOOC-COOH+8MnSO4+4K2SO4+22H2O
в) CaCO3=CaO+CO2
CaO+3C=CaC2+CO
CaC2+2H2O = </span><span>HC≡CH+Ca(OH)2
</span><span>HC≡CH+H2O = CH3COH
</span>CH3COH+2Cu(OH)2 = CH3COOH+Cu2O+2H2O
CH3COOH+Cl2 = Cl-CH2-COOH+HCl
Cl-CH2-COOH+2NH3 = NH2-CH2-COOH+NH4Cl
г) <span>CaCO3=CaO+CO2
CaO+3C=CaC2+CO
CaC2+2H2O = </span><span>HC≡CH+Ca(OH)2
</span><span>2HC≡CH+5O2=4CO2+2H2O
</span>CO2+NH3 = NH2-C(O)-NH2
<span>3HC≡CH = C6H6
</span>C6H6+Cl2 = C6H5Cl+HCl
C6H5Cl+2NH3 = C6H5NH2+NH4Cl
д) 2C+O2=2CO
CO+2H2 = CH3OH
CH3OH+CuO = HCOH+Cu+H2O
2nHCOH+nC6H5OH = (-CH2-C6H3OH-CH2-)n +nH2O
2CO+2H2 = CH3COOH
CH3COOH+CH3OH = CH3COOCH3+H2O
СH3-CH2-OH -> CH2=CH2 + H2 (t>140, H2SO4) (этилен, водород)
CH2=CH2 + HCl-> CH3-CH2Cl ( хлорэтан)
CH3-CH2Cl + 2Na + Cl-CH2-CH3 -> CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 + 2NaCl (t) (бутан, хлорид натрия)
Дано:
V'(CH4) = 600 л
φ(прим) = 2\% или 0,02
Найти:
V(O2)-?
V(возд.) - ?
V(CH4) = 600 л - 600 л*0,02 = 588 л
СН4 + 2О2 = СО2 + 2Н2О
Из УХР следует, что V(O2)=2V(CH4)
V(O2) = 2*588 л = 1176 л
V(возд) = 1176 л/0,21 = 5600 л
Ответ: 1176 л кислорода; 5600 л воздуха
Zn+2HCl=ZnCl2+H2
n(H2)=n(HCl)/2=m(HCl)/M(HCl)/2=36,5/36,5/2=0,5 моль
V(H2)=n(H2)*Vм=0,5*22,4=11,2 л