At the height of the Cold War, the United States wanted to have a network that could survive even a nuclear war. Used while the telephone network does not provide adequate stability (loss of only one large unit can divide the network into isolated areas). To solve the problem, the Ministry of Defense has asked the corporation RAND.
One of its employees, Paul Baran, drafted a distributed network. Due to the fact that at very large distances difficult to transmit the analog signal without distortion , it is suggested to transmit digital data packets. Pentagon liked his ideas, and he turned to the telephone company AT & T. AT & T rejected the idea Berena, saying that such a network can not be built.
October 4, 1957 the Soviet Union launches the first artificial Earth satellite, thereby obtaining an advantage in space. In the United States decided that the money allocated by the Pentagon for research go to waste. It was decided to create a single scientific organization under the auspices of the Ministry of Defence - ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency), which would be picked from universities and organizations offered the most promising projects and contracts on them.
<span>Over time, the attention of the Director Larry Roberts attracted ARPA computer network. Intrigued by the idea of an expert Wesley Clark on the packet-switched network, he spoke at a symposium ACM SIGOPS with a report relating to this, in 1967. At the same symposium was presented a similar, but realized at the National Physical Laboratory in England system. Its implementation has shown that packet switching can be applied in practice. Director of ARPA went there with the intention of creating a similar in Americа</span>
<span>1. Mike isn't reading an interesting book now.
</span>2. Whom is she writing a letter to now?
<span>3. He was playing tennis with my friends at 5 o’clock
yesterday.</span>
4. Wait a minute! I'm getting up.
<span>5. When I came home, my sister was doing her homework and my parents were having dinner.</span>
6. She will not be jogging the whole morning tomorrow.
<span>7. What film will you be watching at 6 o'clock tomorrow?</span>
8. I will be looking for a present for her tomorrow.
<span>9. What are you drinking now? - I'm not drinking. I'm eating an apple.</span>
Какой ответ Вы планируете увидеть, если это аудирование. Т.е. это означает, что вы должны послушать текст(отрывок текста) и соединить. Также неизвестен автор учебника и что это за учебник.
Большой-больше
счастливой
Ницца
высокий
жира
малых
умный
смешно
коротких
тонких
слим
<span>быстро</span>
1. is based on 2. relations 3. they may be divided by misunderstanding 4. drama developed from hymns 5. a cart that carried all his belongings 6. he won a prize 7. the first professional performer 8. this role had always belonged to priests or kings 9. a paying public 10. newsreels of processions and wars 11. cinema rapidly developed 12. Russia’s great achievement in cinema 13. with titles 14. long lines 15. The silent film 16.<span>one hundred percent sound film</span>